This surgery done in a child, who is less than one month old. They usually undergo emergency procedures and occasionally some elective surgeries. Some of the emergency surgeries done are for absent anus ( Anorectal malformation), disconnected food pipe ( trachea esophageal fistula with esophageal atresia), bowel in the chest due a gap in the muscle between the chest and abdomen (Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia), blocked small bowel causing abdominal distention, yellow vomiting, A child who is unable to pass urine properly.
Elective surgeries are planned surgeries done in a new born child. Inguinal hernia is swelling seen in the groin of the child especially when the child cries or strains. It reduces when the child is sleeping. Surgery is required in the newborn period because there is a higher risk of complications in them such as obstruction of the small intestine requiring emergency surgery.